In this review, we synthesize the current knowledge on several key processes for sediment transport modelling, and standard practice of sediment transport modelling around the world with a particular focus on the applicability to tropical marine waters off north Western Australia, and tropical Australia more broadly. We also review a number of EIA modelling studies around tropical Australia associated with coastal infrastructure developments. We assess factors contributing to the accuracy in model predictions and the effectiveness of monitoring and managing the impacts during dredge operations. The key issues assessed are:
(i) contemporary understanding, algorithms and parameters in sediment transport models; (ii) the process of testing and validating model predictions; and
(iii) the required data for model parameter estimation and model validation. Emphasis is placed on the choice of parameters for modelling key processes for predicting the fate of dredge plumes, including flocculation, resuspension and deposition of the sediments generated through dredging.
